本周我们将继续发布液体化学品船安全指南(第四版)TANKER SAFETY GUIDE CHEMICALS Fourth edition中所涉及的知识点及相关内容，本期继续向业界发布所涉及的名词解释(中英文对照)，后续会陆续发布指南内容。希望给业界提供参考。

? Cargo operations

货物操作

Any operations involving the handling of cargo, tank cleaning, purging or venting etc.

任何涉及货物装卸、清洗货舱、换气或者通风等的操作。

?Cargo transfer

货物转驳

The transfer of cargo to or from the ship.

货物转驳给船上或从船上转驳出去。

?Cavitation

气穴现象

Uneven flow caused by vapour pockets within a liquid.

不均匀的流动导致在液体中出现气包的现象。

?Certificate of Fitness

适装证书

A certificate issued by the flag administration confirming that the structure, equipment, fittings, arrangements and materials used in the construction of a chemical carrier are in compliance with the IMO IBC Code. Such certification may be issued on behalf of the administration by approved classification societies.

由船籍国主管机关签发的证书以确认用于建造化学品船的结构、设备、配置、布置和材料是符合IMO IBC规则要求的，该证书也可以由船籍国主管机关认可的船级社签发。

?Certified gas free(see also Gas free)

已验证的清舱除气

A term signifying that a tank, compartment or container has been tested by an authorised person using an approved testing instrument, and found to be in a suitable condition - i.e. not deficient in oxygen and sufficiently free from toxic and chemical gases - for a specified activity, such as tank entry.

是指一个货舱、隔舱或容器已经由授权的人士使用认可的设备进行测试，并认为该区域的大气状况满意，例如氧气含量达标、不含有毒气体或化学品蒸气，适合于某项作业，比如货舱进入。

?Chemical absorption detector

化学品吸附测试仪

An instrument used for the detection of gases or vapours which works on the principle of a reaction between the gas and a chemical agent in the apparatus; the gas discolours the agent or the agent dissolves some of the gas.

是用来测试可燃气体或货物蒸气的设备，其工作原理是利用气体与设备中的化学品试剂发生反应来测试气体的浓度。反应的一种现象是气体使试剂变色，另一种现象是试剂分解气体。

?Closed gauging system(closed ullaging)

闭测量系统

A system in which the contents of a tank can be measured by means of a device which penetrates the tank, but which is part of a closed system preventing the release of tank contents.

用于测量货舱货量的装备，该设备能穿入货舱且是密闭测量系统的一部分，能有效阻止货物和蒸气泄漏。

?Cofferdam

干隔舱

The isolating space between two adjacent steel bulkheads or decks; it may be a void or ballast space.

两个相邻舱壁或甲板之间的隔离空间，它可以是留空处所或压载舱。

?Combustible gas detector

测爆仪

An instrument for detecting a flammable gas/air mixture and usually measuring the concentration of gas in terms of its Lower Flammable Limit (LFL). No single instrument is reliable for all combustible vapour.

用于探测可燃气体/空气的混合气体的仪器，通常用来测量可燃气体的浓度，用可燃下限的术语来表示。单一设备无法靠探测所有的可燃气体。

以上的这一份清单并不详尽，每艘船应根据船上的实际布置列出本船的密闭舱室清单。

?Enclosed space

密闭舱室

A space which has any of the following characteristics:

● Limited openings for entry and exit;

● Inadequate ventilation; or

● Is not designed for continuous worker occupancy, and includes, but is not limited to, cargo spaces, double bottoms, fuel tanks, ballast tanks, cargo pumprooms, cargo compressor rooms, cofferdams, chain lockers, void spaces, duct keels, inter-barrier spaces, boilers, engine crankcases, engine scavenge air receivers, sewage tanks, and adjacent connected spaces.

This list is not exhaustive and a list should be produced on a ship by ship basis to identify enclosed spaces.

密闭舱室是指具备以下任何一个特征的场所：

● 进出开口受限；

● 通风不充分；或者

● 不是设计为人员可以持续工作的场所；

包括但不仅限于：货舱、双层底、燃油舱、压载舱、货泵间、货物压缩机间、干隔舱、锚链舱、留空处所、管弄龙骨、内部隔离空间、锅炉、主机曲轴箱、主机扫气箱、污水柜、以及与这相邻的连接处所。

以上的这一份清单并不详尽，每艘船应根据船上的实际布置列出本船的密闭舱室清单。